Achillobator - Facts and Figures

Achillobator - Facts and Figures Name: Achillobator (combination Greek/Mongolian for Achilles warrior); pronounced ah-KILL-oh-bate-ore Habitat: Plains of central Asia Historical Period: Late Cretaceous (95-85 million years ago) Size and Weight: About 20 feet long and 500-1,000 pounds Diet: Meat Distinguishing Characteristics: Large size; huge claws on feet; odd alignment of hips About Achillobator As far as paleontologists can tell, Achillobator (the name, Achilles warrior, refers both to this dinosaurs large size and to the large Achilles tendons it must have had in its feet) was a raptor, and thus in the same family as Deinonychus and Velociraptor. However, Achillobator does appear to have possessed some quirky anatomical features (mainly concerning the alignment of its hips) that differentiated it from its more famous cousins, which has led some experts to speculate that it may represent an entirely new type of dinosaur. (One other possibility is that Achillobator is a chimera: that is, it was reconstructed from the remains of two unrelated dinosaur genera that happened to be buried in the same location.) Like other raptors of the Cretaceous period, Achillobator is often depicted as sporting a coat of feathers, underlining its close evolutionary relationship with modern birds. However, this is based not any solid fossil evidence, but the presumed featheriness of small theropod dinosaurs at some stage during their life cycles. In any case, at up to 20 feet long from head to tail and 500 to 1,000 pounds, Achillobator was one of the largest raptors of the Mesozoic Era, exceeded only in size by the truly gigantic Utahraptor (which lived halfway around the world, in early Cretaceous North America) and making the much smaller Velociraptor seem like a chicken by comparison.

Nigerian English - Culture and Language of Nigeria

Nigerian English - Culture and Language of Nigeria The varieties of the English language that are used in the Federal Republic of Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa. English is the official language of Nigeria, a former British protectorate. English (especially the variety known as Nigerian Pidgin English) functions as a lingua franca in this multilingual country. Examples and Observations: The spectrum of English in Nigeria ranges from Standard English through a more general English whose structures are influenced by the mother tongues, by the Indian English of many traders and teachers, and by WAPE [West African Pidgin English], which is sometimes acquired as a mother tongue in such urban areas as Calabar and Port Harcourt, usually along with one or more local languages. Its many forms reflect both mother tongue and WAPE influence. Although a number of Pidgin dictionaries have been compiled, it has not yet been standardized. Pidgin has been used in prose by many writers, including Chinua Achebe, as a vehicle for poetry by Frank Aig-Imoukhuede, and for drama by Ola Rotimi.(Tom McArthur, The Oxford Guide to World English. Oxford Univ. Press, 2002)[M.A.] Adekunle (1974) attributes all of standard Nigerian Englishs Nigerian usages in lexis and syntax to interference from the mother tongue. It is quite easy to show that while some usages can be so attributed, the vast majo rity, at least in Educated Nigerian English, arise from the normal process of language development involving a narrowing or extension of meaning or the creation of new idioms. Most such usages cut across all first-language backgrounds. For example, when travel is used in the sense to be away, as in My father has traveled ( My father is away), it is not a transfer of a first-language expression into English, but a modification of the verb to travel.   Ã‚  (Ayo Bamgbose, Identifying Nigerian Uses in Nigerian English. English: History, Diversity, and Change, ed. by David Graddol, Dick Leith, and Joan Swann. Routledge, 1996) Nigerian Pidgin English [Pidgin English], it can be argued, has had a much more important function than English in Nigeria, at least in the southern provinces, since about 1860. The number of its speakers, the frequency of its uses and the range of its functions have been expanding ever since its first formation from local jargons of Antera Dukes type when the need for an interethnic lingua franca arose. Increasing social and geographical mobility have continuously added to this expansion. Whether the estimate of 30% pidgin speakers in Nigeria is a realistic figure is impossible to say.(Manfred Gà ¶rlach, Even More Englishes: Studies 1996-1997. John Benjamins, 1998) Lexical Features of Nigerian English [E.O.] Bamiro (1994: 51-64) gives the following examples of words that have developed special meanings in Nigerian English...The presence of Citroà «n and Volkswagen cars has led to the creative and witty coining of the words footroà «n and footwagen. They had to do parts of the journey by footroà «n simply means they had to walk some of the way. Other coinages include ricobay hair (a popular Nigerian hairstyle), white-white (the white shirts worn by schoolchildren), and watchnight, which means something like staying up through the night to celebrate New Years Eve or some other festival.Ellipsis is common so that he is a mental means he is a mental patient. ...Clipping, common also in Australian English, is frequent. Perms in the following example is a short or clipped form of permutations: We would not have wasted our time running after perms.(Andy Kirkpatrick, World Englishes: Implications for International Communication and English Language Teaching. Cambridge Univ. Press, 2007 )Nigerian English has a whole host of what we call stereotyped phrases of salutations that would strike most native English speakers as curious at best and incomprehensible at worst. While some of these phrases are creative coinages or semantic extensions based on the socio-cultural uniqueness of Nigerian cultural expressions which the English language hasnt lexicalized, others are the products of an insufficient familiarity with the conventions and idioms of the English language.Say me well to him/her/your family, etc. Nigerians use this ungainly verbalism when they want to send expressions of goodwill to someone through another person. This uniquely Nigerian English expression would be puzzling to native speakers of the English language because it is structurally awkward, grammatically incorrect, and unidiomatic.Whatever it is, the expression has attained idiomatic status in Nigerian English and should probably be patented and exported to other parts of the English-speaking world as Nigerian linguistic invention in English.​  (Farooq A. Kperogi, Nigeria: Top 10 Peculiar Salutations in Local English. AllAfrica, November 11, 2012) Distinctive Uses of Prepositions in Nigerian English Many scholars of Nigerian English have identified the tendency to omit the preposition to in the collocation enable someone/something to do something as one of the key features of our dialect of the English language. Enable and to are indissolubly married in American English and British English; one cannot appear without the other. So where Nigerians would write or say I hereby apply for a loan to enable me buy a car, British or American English speakers would write or say I hereby apply for a loan to enable me TO buy a car.While Nigerians blithely omit prepositions when we use enable, contest, reply, etc., we gladly pluck some from the air and insert them where they are normally not used in native varieties of the English language. An example is the phrase request FOR. In American and British English request is never followed by a preposition. For example, where Nigerians would say I requested FOR a loan from my bank, native speakers of the English language would write I requested a loan from my bank.(Farooq A. Kperog, Nigeria: Prepositional and Collocational Abuse in Nigerian English. Sunday Trust [Nigeria], July 15, 2012)

Food Supply Chain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Food Supply Chain - Essay Example This study is about a detail analysis of each process of the food supply chain and has highlighted the possible hazards involved in the process and also provided possible solutions to assess the problems. Table of Contents Introduction 4 Operations 4 Key processes 6 Problem findings 8 Recommendation 8 Reference 10 Introduction The global food industry relies on the web of intercompany relationship. There is an interaction among the individuals and the institutions involved in the food industry. These are vendors, food packaging providers, co-manufacturers, re-packers, brokers and other suppliers. To become an efficient supplier of a food processing company, an individual or a business needs a substantial amount of investment due to develop the quality maintenance process of food ingredients. By the effective action plans, the prevention of production as well as distribution of contaminated foods can be done which is the key value of supply chain in food industry. To ensure safe production and the distribution of the food product, the companies in the food industry need to engage efficient suppliers who can provide quality ingredients, packaging materials through efficient distribution process and medium that compliment food companies’ key goals. ... Quality retention and hygienic factor of foods are maintained in each stage from sourcing of food ingredients to on time delivery to the individual customers (Maurer, 2003). Few important terms are very popular in the area of the food supply chain like â€Å"farm to fork† and sometimes â€Å"paddock to plate†. These terms are used to mention the length of supply chain process and the two end participants of supply chains are the producer of food ingredients and the final consumers. In-between them there are many people involved in this process. The growers of food ingredients i.e. basically the farmers are responsible for efficient cultivation and production of different crops which is influenced by few more things like the quality of seeds, climate, soil and fertilizers to boost the production level. These cultivated food products are consumed by food production companies as the ingredients for process food products and also directly consumed by individuals in the form of fresh fruit and vegetables. There are suppliers who take the cultivated crops from the growers and supply those to the manufacturers or the producers of processed foods. The quality of the ingredients depends on the storage and the distribution process of the suppliers. This process has not much effect on the quality of the processed food produced by the food production companies as they take shorted foods only from the suppliers (GMA, 2008, p.8). Some producers take damage ingredients from the suppliers in low price in order to reduce the cost of production of processed foods so that they can sale the final product in low prices and can compete in price even with the big companies who believe in the quality sources of ingredients and

Week One Discussion Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Week One Discussion Questions - Essay Example Also adding a marketing aspect can give the sales people a better understand of the market they are selling to especially when it comes to demographics and what people are interested in. Also, a good marketing team can suggest specific ways to market to their market in order to get a stronger sale. One drawback could be that sales people may not be as savvy about markets as the marketers. The sales team may not be as up-to-date with technology and therefore may not have the ability to do all of the things that the marketing team suggests. They could get discouraged if some of the technology is above their comfort level. As an example, the marketing team may create a database of information that they understand but that the sales force does not understand. If this happens, this would create problems for the sales force because they would be bogged down in the database instead of being able to sell. I think that marketing is an integral part of a sales organization beacsue sales and marketing are two different processes. Sales is all about selling and often it is to whomever will by the product. Marketing adds a bit of finesse to sales because through marketing you can get a sense of what products are being sold to whom, where they are being sold and you can move the business forward based on the data that you have collected through marketing. Without marketing you only have sales statistics and this is like having only half of the information you need to build a business. As a newly hired marketing manager the firs thing I would do is pull together the marketing team to create a marketing plan. Before I talked to the supervisor I would want to bring the marketing together to gather information from them about what they know about the target market, what they have done I the past that worked and what would be needed in the

Food Test to Determine the Presence of Reducing Sugars and Non-Reducing Sugars Essay Example for Free

Food Test to Determine the Presence of Reducing Sugars and Non-Reducing Sugars Essay Apparatus/Materials: Bunsen burner Solutions A, B, C, D, E, F and G (unknown) Measuring Syringes Stirring Rod Beakers Test tubes (7)plus holder and tray Copper sulphate solution (CuSO4) White dropping ray tripod stand and mesh -stopwatch Biuret? s solution Sodium Hydroxide solution (NaOH) (or Potassium Hydroxide solution) Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) Sodium Hydrogencarbonate (NaHCO3) Iodine Solution(I2) (or Potassium Iodide solution) Ethanol (C2H5OH) distilled water (H2O) Test Method Reducing Sugars 2cm3 of solutions A-G were placed into separate, labelled test tubes using separate measuring syringes. An equal volume (2cm3) of Benedict? s solution was then added to the solutions in the test tubes. The tubes were then gently shaken and placed in a water bath until any possible change in colour was noticed. Observation Inference/Explanation A- changed from a transparent bluish colour to purple. B- changed from a bluish colour to a yellow orange colour from the surface; middle began turning green; then entire solution turned bright orange in colour. C- turned from blue to a dark blue/purple. D- no reaction E- no reaction F- changed from a bluish colour to a yellow orange colour from the surface; middle began turning green;then entire solution turned bright orange in colour. G- no reaction. Benedict? s solution contains copper sulphate. Reducing Sugars reduce soluble blue copper sulphate, containing copper (II) ions (Cu2+) to insoluble red-brown copper oxide containing copper (I). The latter is seen as a precipitate. Therefore, solutions containing reducing sugars were: B and F. Those not containing reducing sugars were: A, C, D, E, and G. Test Method Observation Inference Nonreducing Sugars 2cm3 of solutions A-G were placed into separate, labelled test tubes using separate measuring syringes. 1cm3 of Hydrochloric (HCl) acid was then added to thesolution in the test tubes. The test tubes were placed into the water bath for one minute and were then neutralized with 2cm3 sodium hydrogencarbonate (NaHCO3). The Benedict? s test was then carried out (where an equal volume2cm3 -of Benedict? s solution was then added to the solutions in the test tubes. The tubes were then gently shaken and placed in a water bath until any possible change in colour was noticed. ). A- no reaction B- changed from a bluish colour to a yellow orange colour from the surface; middle began turning green; then entire solution turned bright orange in colour. C- no reaction D-changed from a bluish colourto a yellow orange colour from the surface; middle began turning green; then entire solution turned bright orange in colour. E- no reaction F-changed from a bluish colour to a yellow orange colour from the surface; middle began turning green; then entire solution turned bright orange in colour. G changed from a bluish/ purple colour to a yellow orange colour from the surface; middle began turning green; then entire solution turned bright orange in colour. A disaccharide can be hydrolyzed to its monosaccharide constituents by boiling with dilute hydrochloric acid. Sucrose, for example, is hydrolyzed to glucoseand fructose, both of which are reducing sugars (and would give the reducing sugar result with the Benedict? s test) 2cm3 of solutions A-G were placed into separate, labelled test tubes using separate measuring syringes. An equal volume (2cm3) of sodium hydroxide solution were added to the solutions in the test tubes and mixed. Approximately two drops of Copper Sulphate solution was added and mixed. Observations were recorded. A- changed from a colourless solution to a purple/lilac colour. B- no reactio C-changed from a colourless solution to a purple/lilac colour. D- no reaction E- no reaction, but solution E floated above the added

Two Types Of Therapies Essay -- essays research papers

There are many different types of therapies or psychological methods used to alleviate problems. First, there are therapies that emphasize the value of gaining insight to personal problems. Then there are behavior therapies and cognitive therapies, which are used to directly change troublesome actions and thoughts. Two therapies I will be describing are rational-emotive behavior therapy and psychoanalysis.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to author Dennis Coon of Introduction to Psychology, â€Å"Rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT) attempts to change or remove irrational beliefs that cause emotional problems.† Albert Ellis states the basic idea of rational-emotive behavior is easy as ABC. He assumes that people become unhappy and develop self-defeating habits because they have unrealistic or faulty beliefs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ellis analyzes problems in this way: The letter A stands for an activating experience, which the person assumes to be the cause of C, an emotional consequence. For example, a person who is rejected (the activating experience) feels depressed, threatened, or hurt (the consequence). Rational-emotive therapy, however, shows that the real problem comes between A and C. In between is B, the patient’s unrealistic beliefs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many irrational or unrealistic beliefs that we all tend to hold. For instance, certain people I must deal with are thoroughly bad and should be severely blamed and punished for. Thi...

Intro to Rh Bill Essay

Introduction: Humans are naturally born governed with laws and that’s what we call the natural law. And as we, humans grow to become more intellectual, we generated our own laws and rules to govern our lives for better quality and discipline. But sometimes, there are laws or proponents that have gained different viewpoints among us as to its necessity, value, and morality. One of these is the Reproductive Health Bill. Almost over a decade has passed since the Reproductive Health Bill in the Philippines was for the first time proposed, now that the pursuance of the bill has gained its rebirth, still it has become a part of the national debate bringing about a wider division. The Reproductive Health Bill, popularly known as the RH Bill, Is this essay helpful? Upgrade your account to read more and access more than 650,000 just like it! get better grades is a Philippine bill aiming to guarantee universal access to methods and information on birth control and maternal care. While there is general agreement about its provisions on maternal and child health, there is great debate on its key proposal that the Filipino taxpayer and the private sector will fund and undertake widespread distribution of family planning devices furthermore, 81% Filipinos are Catholics, the Catholic Church exerts a strong influence in public life. Its staunch of opposition to the bill has drawn the ire of non-Catholics and Catholics alike who support the bill, and they invoke the principle of separation of church and state to stop the church. Passage or non-passage of the bill has negative implications depending on the views.

The Importance of Protected Sex

Can you imagine having to urge to go pee 24 7, or what about gaining anywhere from 30 to 60 pounds, or even worse, contracting one of those nasty STD's we've all heard about? Well neither can I. Therefore, when abstinence is not an option, protected sex is a must. In todays world, the image of sex is portrayed everywhere. On TV, the radio, social networking sites, even school and public settings. Teenagers are constantly surrounded by sexual intensions, it’s a part of culture that is truly unavoidable. The media, portrays sex as fun and glamorous in plenty of ways, whether its movies, reality shows, or magazine ads, they never portray sex as something awful that can completely ruin your life, and give you no option but to take a turn for the worst. Teen sex in todays world, is nothing but false advertising. Most teens are not informed and educated on the risks of sex, and that is not entirely their fault. Parents tend to assume that children learn everything they need to know in school, and if they're not asking questions, that they're not even thinking about. That’s where their wrong. Most teens are timid about discussing this subject with their parents and are embarrassed to even bring it up. Studies show that teenager who can talk to their parents about uncomfortable subjects, including sex, are less likely to become sexually active at an early age. When teens turn to their peers about sex, they get sugar coated information that they have developed from the media, which leads them into thinking incredibly false things. Simply talking to your parents, discussing methods of protection, and how to obtain them could save teens lives, not to mention their reputations. Although teen pregnancy rates in Canada have declined greatly, the problem is far from solved. Pregnancy and being a mother is something much too large for any teenager to even grasp. The stress, anxiety, and toll it takes on your mind and body, is something no teen is ready for in high school. Pregnancy is an overall uncomfortable situation, consisting of sickness, weight gain, mood swings, swollen feet, constant urination, increased appetite, and much more. Not to mention, pregnant teens will most likely not want to attend school, with all the stress and sickness, school is just not where they want to be, which will eventually result in poor grades and likely failure. Raising a child, requires money, money requires a job, which most always will require education. Acquiring an education can be near impossible when you have a baby at home, your focus would be all over the place and if you didn't have a good family support system, it would be difficult to complete homework and assignments. Okay, so we have all sat through those nasty sex ed presentations, disgusted at the images of unheard of STD's. Passing up the knowledge from those presentations as something gross that would never happen to you, could be the worst mistake of your life. Teens contract STD's daily, never expecting it.. With Chlamydia becoming a pandemic in our province, it is very important to trust nobody, and use protection every single time you partake in sexual activities. Believe it or not, you can contract an STD from something so simple as kissing, gross right? Before you trust your partner, make sure you are well aware of their sexual history, and make them aware you are not willing to do anything without protection. The price teens could pay for begin sexually active far outweigh and advantages. Contracting an STD, becoming pregnant, and jeopardizing the rest of your life are only a few of the horrifying results of unprotected teen sex. Teens need to become educated and aware of all the risks, from parents or health professionals. Although the media might portray sex as something as simple and brushing your teeth, it’s a terrible trail to take. | ?

Christian Leadership Principles Essays

Christian Leadership Principles Essays Christian Leadership Principles Paper Christian Leadership Principles Paper Throughout history, there have been many exemplary leaders such as Martin Luther King, Jar. , George Washington and Abraham Lincoln. These men are Just a few in a long list of people that provide us with a basis of what a great leader should look like. These men are adept at public speaking. They know how to Inspire their audience and spur them on to create a better world for themselves and others. They show us what it is to have courage, faith and to reach for the impossible. While we hear so much about men like these, there is one man who we may tend to forget. This man was the leader of all leaders. This man was Jesus Christ. A leader is defined by Webster Dictionary as a guide or a directing head or chief. Throughout this study there will be many examples of Jesus strong leadership skills. We will see how we need to, as Christians, follow Jesus example of leading people with love, encouragement, forbearance, strength, understanding, motivation and a steady, guiding hand. These will be skills that you can use in the modern world today to guide people within your church, home, business or any other yep of organization. All great leaders should have a vision statement. Creating a vision statement means setting goals of where you want your organization to be In the future. This helps to keep your people focused and motivated. You can think of your vision as the big picture. Keep in mind that you need to use the Christian examples of leadership styles as shown to us by Jesus in the following text. Lets take a look at Jesus vision statement for His people. My prayer is not for them alone. I pray also for those who will believe in me through their message, that all of them may be one, Father, Just as you are in me and I am In you. May teeny also De In us so Tanat ten world may Delve Tanat you nave sent me. I have given them the glory that you gave me, that they may be one as we are one: I in them and you in me. May they be brought to complete unity to let t he world know that you have sent me and have loved them even as you have loved me. Cohn 17:20-23) The above passage is Jesus vision statement for his people. As you can see, Jesus believed that unity among one another is very important. Jesus wanted more for his people than Just organizational unity; Jesus wanted spiritual unity as well. Promoting sense of unity is an integral part of building a team atmosphere. When you encourage spiritual oneness amongst your followers, or team, it creates a sense of being one working together for the good of the entire body. Once you have created your vision statement the next step is to create your mission statement. Jesus mission statement was My food is to do the will of him who sent me and to finish his work. Noon 4:34) The word mission, as defined by Webster, means the work they are sent to do or an aim in life, arising from a conviction or sense of calling. Jesus knew and understood that God had given him a ask that needed to be carried out and fulfilled. It is very important as a leader to make sure your team knows and understands what you expect from them. Once your team has a clear picture of what you expect for them, stress the importance of staying focused on that goal until it has been accomplished. Did Jesus achieve the mission that God sent him to do? John 19:30 states When he had received the drink, Jesus said, It is finished. With that, he bowed his head and gave up his spirit. This passage would indicate that he did accomplish the mission that God sent him to do. Jesus was sent here to teach us about the glory of God, atonement, redemption and salvation. Jesus taught us with his vision statement that we should be one body or team. He taught us with his mission statement to set a goal and to stay focused on that goal until you have accomplished it. Jesus gave the ultimate sacrifice to his followers by dying for our sins. We, as Christian leaders, are not expected to die for our team, but we are required to make sacrifices in order for our team to be a success. Evangelism is the Christian practice of spreading the Gospel of Jesus to non- Christians. The purpose of evangelism is to convert people to Christianity. This is the Great Commission that was given to us by the resurrected Jesus and is the basis for Christian Missionary works. Has this Great Commission been fulfilled? To answer this question, lets take a look at the strongest and weakest evangelical Christian countries in the world. While only about two percent of Asia is Christian, South Korea, has witnessed the most widespread growth of Christianity over the past three decades of the countrys modernization. Although Buddhism is the largest religion in this country, Christianity s following a close second. The two most predominant Christian religions in this country are Catholicism, with approximately three million followers, and Protestant with approximately 11 million followers. This results in about one third, or 45 million people, of the population being Christians. South Korea is also known as the Republic of Korea. The map below shows you where this country is located. [pick] Africa is the second continent where Christianity boomed. Christianity began in Attract Walt n ten Haling Into Egypt when Jesus was Just an Intact. Constantly most widely practiced religion in sub-Sahara Africa. In the year 1900 there were approximately nine million Christians but by the year 2000 that number had grown to reach 380 million. The largest percentage of Christians reside in Central Africa with about 63. 9% of the population practicing Christian beliefs. East Africa houses the second largest percentage of about 59. 94 % practicing Christians. There are still some areas of Africa where they practice traditional, tribal religions as well as the Moslem religion but Christianity is becoming more widely practiced and accepted. The weakest evangelical countries in the world are in Europe. France is said to be en of the most challenging places to evangelize since the majority of their population is Muslim. According to a study done by Foursquare Missions International, New age buoyant and astrologists out number clergy by 4 to 1. France is said to be one of the most Marxist, secular, violent and hedonistic countries that teaches their people to focus on me. Combine these practices with their loose sexual behavior and their multiculturalism, which is even more extreme than that in the United States, it is no wonder that there is such a need for this country to hear the word of God. So what category does the United States fall in to? Strong or weak? The Southern part of the U. S. Contains the most Evangelical Christians in the states.

Theoretical Yield Worked Example Problem

Theoretical Yield Worked Example Problem This example problem demonstrates how to calculate the amount of reactant needed to produce a product. Problem Aspirin is prepared from the reaction of salicylic acid (C7H6O3) and acetic anhydride (C4H6O3) to produce aspirin (C9H8O4) and acetic acid (HC2H3O2). The formula for this reaction is:C7H6O3 C4H6O3 → C9H8O4 HC2H3O2.How many grams of salicylic acid are needed to make 1000 1-gram tablets of aspirin? (Assume 100% yield) Solution Step 1 - Find molar mass of aspirin and salicylic acidFrom the periodic table:Molar Mass of C 12 gramsMolar Mass of H 1 gramsMolar Mass of O 16 gramsMMaspirin (9 x 12 grams) (8 x 1 grams) (4 x 16 grams)MMaspirin 108 grams 8 grams 64 gramsMMaspirin 180 gramsMMsal (7 x 12 grams) (6 x 1 grams) (3 x 16 grams)MMsal 84 grams 6 grams 48 gramsMMsal 138 gramsStep 2 - Find mole ratio between aspirin and salicylic acidFor every mole of aspirin produced, 1 mole of salicylic acid was needed. Therefore the mole ratio between the two is one.Step 3 - Find grams of salicylic acid neededThe path to solving this problem starts with the number of tablets. Combining this with the number of grams per tablet will give the number of grams of aspirin. Using the molar mass of aspirin, you get the number of moles of aspirin produced. Use this number and the mole ratio to find the number of moles of salicylic acid needed. Use the molar mass of salicylic acid to find the grams needed. Putting all this together:grams salicylic acid 1000 tablets x 1 g aspirin/1 tablet x 1 mol aspirin/180 g of aspirin x 1 mol sal/1 mol aspirin x 138 g of sal/1 mol salgrams salicylic acid 766.67Â   Answer 766.67 grams of salicylic acid are needed to produce 1000 1-gram aspirin tablets.

Legal Aspects of Health Administration Case Study

Legal Aspects of Health Administration - Case Study Example State and federal laws had been amended in order to protect young teenagers from any attempt to violate their chastity by older men. Thus, modern laws have encompassed statutory rape as involving the sexual assault on girls aged 13 to 18 depending on state laws. In California, the statute provides that "it is illegal for any person to have consensual sex with any person who is under the age of 18" (California Penal Code Sec. 261.5). Thus, it is clear that the new age of consent is now 18 years. This is based on the assumption that girls below the age of 18 are not mature enough and thus are legally incapable of consenting to sexual intercourse. However peer sex or what they term as Romeo and Juliet Law, wherein minor couples engage in coitus or the sex act, is treated differently or is an exemption to the rule. Here, the male is penalized for the 'crime' of misdemeanor if the age gap between him and the 'victim' is not more than 3 years. If the age difference is more than 3 years, th e male could be charged for misdemeanor or felony ( California Penal Code 261.5(b). But the harshest penalty is reserved for culprits aged more than 21 years old. Other than the charge of misdemeanor or felony, the adult culprit has to face fines and civil penalties, which increase with the age gap between the minor and the culprit. The civil penalty may ... But the harshest penalty is reserved for culprits aged more than 21 years old. Other than the charge of misdemeanor or felony, the adult culprit has to face fines and civil penalties, which increase with the age gap between the minor and the culprit. The civilHealth Admin 3 penalty may reach $25,000 (US Department of Justice 2003, p.3) if the "perpetrator is over 21 years old and the minor is under 16" (Cal. Penal Code 261.5 (e)). And in such case, the Statute of Limitations is 3 years, meaning, the filing of a case in court must be done within 3 years from the knowledge of the statutory rape. It is also worthwhile to mention that in California, mistake of fact is allowed as a legal defense by the perpetrator. He may allege that he did the crime believing that his 'victim' is beyond the age of consent. A. 15 Year Old Sandra Anderson's Case In the case of Mrs. Anderson's daughter, Sandra, there is definitely statutory rape because Sandra is merely 15 years of age and statutory rape laws in California had set the age of consent at 18 years.Whether Sandra acceded to the lustful desires of her stepfather is of no moment because in statutory rape, the gravamen of the offense is the carnal knowledge of a girl below the age of minority. Whether Sandra consented to the sexual act is not an issue because statutory rape does not consider that kind of consent as voluntary i.e presuming Sandra consented. It further presumes that the offended party does not and cannot have a will of her own. The fact that it was Sandra's stepfather who

JOURNALISM AND DEFARMATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

JOURNALISM AND DEFARMATION - Essay Example Journalists handle critical stories each day and have to remain on guard each time. Staying on guard will prevent them from getting overwhelmed by the stories and going overboard to publicize public opinion concerning the stories. Therefore, a journalist will need adequate research from reliable sources before publishing any story. However, it is proving much more difficult for journalists to reserve their opinion especially in the current world whereby there are so many media forums1. In the recent past, many journalists have found themselves in much trouble. For example, the yahoo organization fired one of its chief journalists after making a joke about the Romney campaigns. According to many people, Yahoo took the joke with too much weight yet the journalists uttered the statement without malice. In other numerous cases, journalists find themselves sued for causing damages on the reputation of others2. The law classifies such cases as defamation3. However, the law provides defence s that journalists can use in such cases4. The first defense that a journalist can use is justification. Being able to present proof that what the journalist published concerning a plaintiff is true. This requires journalists to publish information after careful research from reliable sources. Justification may require the journalist to present a witness in court in order to expose the truth in what he published. Presenting a reliable justification will serve to clear the plaintiff’s claims of defamation. If the court establishes that the journalist only said something that is true, then he clears the defendant of the charges5. However, the court does not need the defendant to prove beyond doubt that the statement under investigation is true. The courts consider a lower level that involves presenting acceptable proof that the statements made about the plaintiff are true. The challenge for many journalists lies in convincing a witness to testify before a court. Sometimes, thes e witnesses present information in privacy and decline to appear in the limelight. It is worthy noting that regardless of the fact that the standard of ‘beyond reasonable doubt’ does not apply, a court may expect a high level of contextual truth because it expects journalists to be cautious of the statements they make. The second form of defense occurs in the presence of a conviction indicating that the plaintiff had previously faced a conviction regarding the act mentioned in the statement claimed to be defamatory. However, the court will require substantial evidence of conviction in order to prove that the convictions made translate to the statement under investigation. This will require evidence of several instances. For example, making a claim that someone lacks integrity to hold office will require at least two convictions concerning abuse of office6. However, depending on the conviction and the time elapsed; the court may consider the conviction spent. Therefore, a journalist must understand the spending duration of different convictions before drawing conclusions. In other cases, the journalist may use the defence of ‘fair comment’ and give proof to the court that any individual in such a situation would draw similar situations7. This